When Citing a Source How Do You List It if Its Used Again

Although ideally you will cite more than one source in your research paper, there are times when a single source dominates, and you observe yourself referring to it or quoting information technology repeatedly.

Does that mean you have to cite that source in full in a footnote (or endnote) every fourth dimension?

Good news: you don't! (Warning: some instructors might require you to cite in full every time, so exist certain to ask earlier using any of these shortcuts.) There are several ways to cite a source repeatedly and save yourself some typing.

(Notation: This mail service assumes y'all are using the notes-bibliography arrangement. If yous are using the author-date system, only repeat the author and date in parentheses{(Rothfuss 2009)} every time, adding the page number you're citing{(Rothfuss 2009, 32)}.)

i. Use a shortened class of the commendation.

Let's say yous wrote a footnote (or endnote) for this book after y'all quoted from page 32:

eight. Patrick Rothfuss, The Proper name of the Wind (New York, NY: DAW Books, 2009), 32.

The adjacent fourth dimension you cite that book (say, in note 12), you tin give merely the author's last name, a shortened championship, and the page number:

12. Rothfuss, Name of the Air current, 50.

If Name of the Air current is the just championship by Rothfuss that you cite in your newspaper, you can get out out the title:

12. Rothfuss, 50.

This kind of shortening is recommended by The Chicago Manual of Fashion and Turabian'southward Manual for Writers, but there are a couple of even faster ways to repeat a commendation.

two. Cite the page number in the text.

Let'southward become back to your offset citation ofThe Proper name of the Wind, where y'all cited it in full:

8. Patrick Rothfuss, The Name of the Wind (New York, NY: DAW Books, 2009), 32.

If the next source you cite is this same volume, y'all tin can simply put the new page number in parentheses in the text of your paper. You don't accept to write another note. Here's a sample paragraph from a newspaper using this format:

Rothfuss uses the word innkeeper throughout The Proper noun of the Wind.^viii In some places, he uses it because he wants to avert using the innkeeper's name (50). In other places, he seems to use it just for variety (116, 310).

______

8. Patrick Rothfuss, The Proper noun of the Wind (New York, NY: DAW Books, 2009), 32.

Important: Page numbers in parentheses in the text e'er refer to the most recently cited source. You tin can keep using page numbers in parentheses as long every bit y'all're still citing that source. Only as soon every bit you cite a unlike source, page numbers in the text volition switch to the new source.

So let'southward say you switch to citing passages from The Slow Regard of Silent Things. When y'all go back to citing The Name of the Wind, do you have to write out the whole citation once more?

You don't! You can proceed to use the shortened writer-championship-folio (or author-folio) form shown in annotation 12 to a higher place.

Finally, for the truly lazy there is one more than way to avoid typing out those titles.

3. Utilize an abbreviation.

This method is usually reserved for sources that recur many times. Let's say your entire paper is most The Proper noun of the Current of air and yous cite specific page numbers on practically every folio. In that instance, y'all can assign the book an abbreviation to use after the first full commendation:

eight. Patrick Rothfuss, The Name of the Wind (New York, NY: DAW Books, 2009), 32. Time to come abbreviated NW.

You lot can then use the abbreviation any time you refer to the book, whether in the text of your paper or in another note, no matter how many sources you cite in between:

One example of this is the way Rothfuss uses the word innkeeper.^viii In The Wearisome Regard of Silent Things, the word never appears.⁹ In Wind, he seems to employ information technology only for multifariousness (NW, 116, 310).

______

8. Patrick Rothfuss, The Proper name of the Air current (New York, NY: DAW Books, 2009), 32. Hereafter abbreviated NW.

9. Patrick Rothfuss, The Slow Regard of Silent Things (New York, NY: DAW Books, 2014).

Warning: Inquire your instructor before using this method. (You lot knew that.)

4. Utilise ibid.

Many professional person scholars use the Latin termibid. to mean "the source I cited," but Chicago prefers the apply of a short commendation. Teachers who want you to utilise ibid.volition explicate how, or you can read nigh it in the notes and bibliography chapter of The Chicago Manual of Manner.

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Source: http://cmosshoptalk.com/2015/10/27/how-do-i-cite-the-same-source-many-times/